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An electrostatic electret machine is specially designed to improve the filtration efficiency of melt-blown nonwoven filter materials. Through electrostatic charging, the filter material exhibits low resistance, the ability to adsorb extremely fine particles, and enhanced purification efficiency for ultrafine particles. The electret machine is equipped with a program-controlled power frequency withstand voltage test device, featuring compact size, light weight, compact structure, complete functionality, and ease of use. The electret machine implants electrons into the material via electret rods, polarizing the material, which allows it to store electrostatic charges for a long time. For example, materials in electret microphones can retain electrostatic charges for more than five years or even longer.

Electrostatic electret machines are suitable for power, industrial, and scientific research departments, and are used for power frequency withstand voltage tests and DC leakage tests on various high-voltage electrical equipment, electrical components, and insulating materials. They are indispensable instruments in high-voltage testing. The electret effect on melt-blown fabric is primarily influenced by two factors: the material’s structural properties and the electret process. Fiber fineness is one of the key parameters determining filter efficiency and pressure drop. For the same basis weight of filter material, finer fibers provide a larger surface area, higher filtration coefficient, and better particle adsorption performance.

After electrostatic treatment, melt-blown fabric gains electrostatic adsorption during air filtration. It can directly attract charged particles via Coulomb force or induce neutral particles to become polarized and then capture them, allowing more efficient filtration of submicron particles in the air while keeping air resistance low. Regarding the electret process: high-voltage charging, reducing the charging distance, appropriately extending the charging time, using high-temperature charging, or post-thermal treatment after electret processing can improve the charge storage stability of the material to some extent. Additionally, materials should be sealed and stored to avoid direct exposure to humid conditions, which helps maintain charge stability over time.